Author: ancientegyptblog7

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Egyptian Artifacts

Hippopotamus Statues

My sister 𓌢𓈖𓏏𓁐 sent me this picture 𓏏𓅱𓏏 that she took at the Brooklyn Museum and I immediately knew that I had to share it with all 𓎟 of you! 

Hippopotamus Statues
Hippopotamus Statues from the Middle Kingdom on display at the Brooklyn Museum

It’s no mystery that I love the ancient Egyptian hippopotamus 𓌉𓏏𓃯 statues 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾𓏪! My favorites are the blue 𓇋𓁹𓏏𓄿𓏸𓏥 faience 𓋣𓈖𓏏𓏸𓏼 ones that are typically dated to the Middle Kingdom time period! 

What I love about this picture 𓏏𓅱𓏏 is it shows the diversity of the art that was created during the Middle Kingdom! The blue 𓇋𓁹𓏏𓄿𓏸𓏥 faience 𓋣𓈖𓏏𓏸𓏼 hippopotamus 𓐍𓃀𓃯 statue 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾 is a lot more detailed and refined, while the clay 𓊪𓈖𓋴𓈇 hippo 𓌉𓏏𓃯 statues 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾𓏪 are a little rougher! 

The hippo 𓐍𓃀𓃯 statues 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾𓏪 in the forefront of the image 𓏏𓅱𓏏 are made out of clay 𓊪𓈖𓋴𓈇 and were most likely used as a kind of offering during the “Feast of the White Hippopotamus.” During this festival, a hippopotamus 𓌉𓏏𓃯 was dragged on a sled before the pharaoh 𓉐𓉻. The base that these two 𓏻 hippo 𓌉𓏏𓃯 statues 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾𓏪 have are representative of that sled! 

The blue 𓇋𓁹𓏏𓄿𓏸𓏥 faience 𓋣𓈖𓏏𓏸𓏼 hippopotamus 𓐍𓃀𓃯 statue 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾 is always a treat to see and I love seeing them across various museums! There are lotus flowers 𓆸𓆸𓆸 painted on the sides of the hippo 𓌉𓏏𓃯 to represent the different plants that grew along the Nile 𓇋𓏏𓂋𓅱𓈗𓈘𓈇𓏺! The legs on this statue 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾 are actually restored! 

FUN FACT: did you know that most blue 𓇋𓁹𓏏𓄿𓏸𓏥 faience 𓋣𓈖𓏏𓏸𓏼 hippopotamus 𓌉𓏏𓃯 statues 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓀾𓏪 have broken feet because they were broken on purpose so the hippo 𓌉𓏏𓃯 would not be a threat to the deceased person it was buried with? 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

@ancientegyptblog on Instagram and TikTok!

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Reading Hieroglyphs

Cartouche of Akhenaten

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! Today 𓏇𓇋𓈖𓇳 we are going to be looking at the birth name cartouche 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷 of the pharaoh 𓉐𓉻 Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖! 

Cartouche of Akhenaten
The Birth Name cartouche of pharaoh Akhenaten on display at the Vatican Museum

Now, calling this his “birth name” cartouche 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷 is a little misleading because Akhenaten’s 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 birth name wasn’t actually “Akhenaten!” The name 𓂋𓈖 that Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 was given when he was born was Amenhotep 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓊵𓊹𓋾𓌀, and since he was the fourth pharaoh 𓉐𓉻 with that name 𓂋𓈖, Egyptologists have called him “Amenhotep IV 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓊵𓊹𓋾𓌀.” 

Why did Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 change his name 𓂋𓈖 from Amenhotep 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓊵𓊹𓋾𓌀 to Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 during year five 𓏾 of his reign? The change in name 𓂋𓈖 reflects the religious revolution that was happening at the time. Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 is famous for disrupting the entire Egyptian religious tradition and changing it from a polytheistic worship of the traditional pantheon to a monotheistic worship of the Aten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳. 

Let’s break down the meaning of Akhenaten’s name 𓂋𓈖! 

𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳 – Aten 

𓅜𓐍 – Spirit

𓈖 – Of

Cartouche of Akhenaten
The Cartouche of Akhenaten with the meaning of the hieroglyphs written next to the symbols.

So all together, the name “Akhenaten” translates to “Spirit of the Aten.” 

One of the greatest things about reading cartouches 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷𓏪 is that practicing with them will allow you to begin to understand hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 much more easily! The names of the pharaohs 𓉐𓉻 contain many common symbols, words, and phrases in Middle Egyptian! One of the ways I started learning was by reading the cartouches 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷𓏪!

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

@ancientegyptblog on Instagram and TikTok!

Categories
Egyptian Artifacts

The Rosetta Stone

Happy (late) Anniversary to the deciphering of Egyptian Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! Seeing the Rosetta Stone in person was a dream come true for me! When I saw the Rosetta Stone all I could thing was “this rock is the reason I can read hieroglyphs” and I was just in awe. 

The Rosetta Stone
My sister and I with the Rosetta Stone at the British Museum!

Jean-François Champollion was just a teenager in September 1822 when he began to decipher hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 based off of the Rosetta Stone!

The Rosetta Stone is actually a decree issued by priests 𓊹𓍛𓏪 in 196 B.C.E. that affirmed the cult of Ptolemy V 𓊪𓏏𓍯𓃭𓐝𓇌𓋴. Identical decrees were supposed to be placed in every temple 𓉟𓏏𓉐 in Egypt 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖!

During the Christian period in Egypt 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖, the use of hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 began to wane and finally disappeared at the beginning of the 4th Century. The Rosetta Stone contains three 𓏼 languages 𓂋𓏦: Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪, Greek and Demotic. Since Greek was a known language 𓂋𓏺, scholars began to try to use the Greek section of the Rosetta Stone to translate the portion in hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪. 

Thomas Young was the first person to show that the name 𓂋𓈖 in the cartouche (𓊪𓏏𓍯𓃭𓐝𓇌𓋴) actually spelled out “Ptolemy,” however, Champollion gets the credit for deciphering hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 because he showed that the phonetic symbols were also used for Egyptian 𓆎𓏏𓀀𓁐 names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 and not just foreign names 𓂋𓈖𓏦. With his extensive knowledge of Coptic, Champollion was able to begin reading the hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 more fully! 

The Rosetta Stone
My sister and I with the Rosetta Stone at the British Museum

I am thankful for the early works of scholars like Champollion because I would not be reading hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 without it! The work that these people did to further the understanding of the Egyptian language, and thus the civilization as a whole is nothing short of incredible! 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

@ancientegyptblog on Instagram and TikTok!

Categories
Reading Hieroglyphs

“A Voice Offering” Hieroglyphic Symbol

Let’s read some hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! Today 𓏇𓇋𓈖𓇳 we are going to be looking at the word/phrase “A Voice Offering “𓉓.”

A Voice Offering
The composite hieroglyph symbol for “A Voice Offering” painted on a Middle Kingdom sarcophagus at the MET.

𓉓 is classified as a composite hieroglyph 𓊹𓌃. A composite hieroglyph 𓊹𓌃 is a single hieroglyphic symbol that is actually a combination of multiple symbols! The individual symbols do not lose their phonetic meaning when they become the composite hieroglyph 𓊹𓌃, instead they combine to just make a multi-consonant symbol! Composite hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 can be phonograms, ideograms, or determinatives too! 

While a lot of the composite hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 are combinations of two 𓏻 symbols, “𓉓” is actually a combination of four 𓏽 symbols! I like to think of composite hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 as a math equation: 

𓉓 = 𓉐 + 𓊤 + 𓏑 + 𓏊

Here is the modern name, (and sound value in parentheses) designated to each of the symbols that are part of 𓉓:

𓉐 – House Plan (pr) 

𓊤 – Oar (ḫrw)

𓏑 – Bread (t)

𓏊 – Beer Jug (usually a determinative like in this case, but can be hnw on occasion) 

𓉓 would be pronounced like “prt-ḫrw.” 

A Voice Offering
Another example of the phrase “A Voice Offering” from a Middle Kingdom sarcophagus on display at the MET.

In terms of meaning, “𓉓” is classified as an ideogram (a single symbol that takes on the meaning of a full word) for the phrase “invocation offering” or “voice offering” and is a part of the standard offering formula that is seen on stelae 𓎗𓅱𓆓𓉸𓏪, false doors, sarcophagi 𓎟𓋹𓈖𓐍𓊭𓏪/coffins 𓋴𓅱𓎛𓏏𓆱𓏦 and other funerary equipment 𓈎𓂋𓋴𓏏𓏏𓊭. 

You can read my full translation for the sarcophagus pictured above here. You can also watch the video of the translation here!

Why are bread 𓏑 and beer 𓏊 highlighted in such a popular inscription that persisted for thousands of years? Bread 𓏑 and beer 𓏊 were pretty much the staples of the ancient Egyptian diet and they needed enough food 𓇬𓀁𓅱𓏔𓏥 in the Duat 𓇼𓄿𓏏𓉐 too! 

𓉓 Is definitely a great symbol to recognize because it is very common and part of a very common inscription. The pictures 𓏏𓅱𓏏𓏦 in this post are both from Middle Kingdom sarcophagi 𓎟𓋹𓈖𓐍𓊭𓏪 at the MET. 

These are my personal photographs and original text. DO NOT repost. 

@ancientegyptblog on Instagram and TikTok!

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Reading Hieroglyphs Video

Hieroglyphic Vocabulary – Week 4

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! Here is Week 4 of my Hieroglyphic Vocabulary Word of the Day stories from Instagram all compiled into a video! This week we focused on some of the pharaohs 𓉐𓉻𓏦 whose names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 you will commonly see in inscriptions 𓏟𓏛𓏥! 

Hieroglyphic Vocabulary Week 4 Video on YouTube!

Here are the names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 we learned this week: 

  1. Maatkare 𓇳𓁦𓂓 (Hatshepsut Throne Name)
  2. Hatshepsut (Foremost of the Noble Women) 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓎹𓏏𓄂𓏏𓀼𓏪 (Birth Name)
  3. Menkhepperra 𓇳𓏠𓆣 (Thutmosis III Throne Name)
  4. Rameses II 𓇳𓄊𓁧𓇳𓍉𓈖 (Throne Name)
  5. Rameses II 𓁩𓁛𓈘𓄟𓋴𓇓 (Birth Name)
  6. Amenhotep III 𓇳𓁧𓎠 (Throne Name)
  7. Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 (Birth Name Variant)

Learning any language – including hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪/Middle Egyptian doesn’t have to be difficult! Learning how to read the names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 of the pharaohs 𓉐𓉻𓏦 in their cartouches 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷𓏦 is a great place to start because not only do their names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 appear frequently, but it’s a great way to practice the meaning of the hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! 

You can also watch the video on TikTok!

@ancientegyptblog

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! Here is Week 4 of my Hieroglyphic Word of the Day stories all compiled into a video! This week we focused on some of the pharaohs 𓉐𓉻𓏦 whose names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 you will commonly see in inscriptions 𓏟𓏛𓏥! Here are the names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 we learned this week: 1. Maatkare 𓇳𓁦𓂓 (Hatshepsut Throne Name) 2. Hatshepsut (Foremost of the Noble Women) 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓎹𓏏𓄂𓏏𓀼𓏪 (Birth Name) 3. Menkhepperra 𓇳𓏠𓆣 (Thutmosis III Throne Name) 4. Rameses II 𓇳𓄊𓁧𓇳𓍉𓈖 (Throne Name) 5. Rameses II 𓁩𓁛𓈘𓄟𓋴𓇓 (Birth Name) 6. Amenhotep III 𓇳𓁧𓎠 (Throne Name) 7. Akhenaten 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓇳𓅜𓐍𓈖 (Birth Name Variant) Learning any language – including hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪/Middle Egyptian doesn’t have to be difficult! Learning how to read the names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 of the pharaohs 𓉐𓉻𓏦 in their cartouches 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷𓏦 is a great place to start because not only do their names 𓂋𓈖𓏦 appear frequently, but it’s a great way to practice the meaning of the hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! This is my personal photographs/video and original text. DO NOT repost. #ancientegypt #egyptianhistory #egyptologist #letsreadsomehieroglyphs #hieroglyphs #hieroglyphics #languagelearning #egypt #pharaoh

♬ Star Wars (Epic Main Theme) – Samuel Kim

This is my personal photographs/video and original text. DO NOT repost.

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Video

Cow, Beautiful Woman, or Both? – Video

Did you know that the word for “cow 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓃒” and “beautiful woman 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓁐” are the same in hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪/the Middle Egyptian language? Well now you do! This is one of my absolute favorite “fun facts” about hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 and it has been since I was a little girl!

Cow and Beautiful Woman hieroglyphs video on YouTube!

The root of both of these words is “𓄤𓆑𓂋” which would probably be pronounced like “nefer.” This word could mean perfect, beautiful, or good in Middle Egyptian! Adding the “𓏏” to the end of the word makes it feminine, and then the determinative symbol distinguishes the meaning! So “𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏” could also mean a beautiful woman or beautiful/perfect! 

Both “cow 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓃒” and “beautiful woman 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓁐” would have probably been pronounced like “neferet” due to the addition of the uniliteral phonogram of “𓏏” which would have been pronounced like a “t.” In order to make words pronounceable in modern times, a lot of Egyptologists/linguists will add a soft “e” sound in between the consonants!  

I love learning little things like this about the culture of ancient Egypt! It’s incredible what a language can tell us!

You can also watch the video on TikTok!

@ancientegyptblog

Did you know that the word for “cow 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓃒” and “beautiful woman 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓁐” are the same in hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪/the Middle Egyptian language? Well now you do! This is one of my absolute favorite “fun facts” about hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 and it has been since I was a little girl! The root of both of these words is “𓄤𓆑𓂋” which would probably be pronounced like “nefer.” This word could mean perfect, beautiful, or good in Middle Egyptian! Adding the “𓏏” to the end of the word makes it feminine, and then the determinative symbol distinguishes the meaning! So “𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏” could also mean a beautiful woman or beautiful/perfect! Both “cow 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓃒” and “beautiful woman 𓄤𓆑𓂋𓏏𓁐” would have probably been pronounced like “neferet” due to the addition of the uniliteral phonogram of “𓏏” which would have been pronounced like a “t.” In order to make words pronounceable in modern times, a lot of Egyptologists/linguists will add a soft “e” sound in between the consonants! This is my personal video and original text. DO NOT repost. #ancientegypt #egyptianhistory #egyptologist #letsreadsomehieroglyphs #hieroglyphs #hieroglyphics #languagelearning #egypt #hathor #metropolitanmuseumofart #historytok

♬ original sound – ancientegyptblog Nicole Lesar

This is my personal video and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Reading Hieroglyphs

Ramessu Mery Amun

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪!

Today 𓏇𓇋𓈖𓇳 we are going to look at one of the many cartouches 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷𓏦 of Rameses II 𓇳𓄊𓁧𓇳𓍉𓈖! This time, we are going to look at his birth name cartouche 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷, which is the name 𓂋𓈖 that he was given when he was born! 

Ramessu Mery Amun
The birth name cartouche of pharaoh Rameses II, Ramessu Mery Amun, on a column at the British museum

The name 𓂋𓈖 “Ramessu Mery Amun 𓁩𓁛𓈘𓄟𓋴𓇓” translates to “Ra has fashioned him, beloved of Amun.” The name 𓂋𓈖 could also be translated as “Ra Bore Him, Beloved of Amun.” 

Let’s look at the name 𓂋𓈖 more closely! The names of the gods 𓊹𓊹𓊹 are written first due to honorific transposition!

𓁩 – Amun

𓁛 – Ra

𓈘 – Beloved

𓄟𓋴𓇓 – Bore Him/Fashioned Him/Born Of

Let’s break down each of the symbols: 

The “falcon with the sun disc 𓁛” symbol is both a determinative and ideogram for “Ra.” 

The “Amun figure 𓁩” symbol is both a determinative and ideogram for “Amun.” 

The “canal 𓈘” symbol is a biliteral phonogram for the sound “mr” and can also be “shorthand” for the word “mery” which means beloved. 

The “three fox skins 𓄟” symbol is a biliteral phonogram for the sounds “ms.” 

The “folded cloth 𓋴” symbol is a uniliteral phonogram for the sound “s.”

The “sedge 𓇓” symbol can be a biliteral phonogram, ideogram (for sedge) and determinative (for king), but here it is representing the sound “sw.”

Ramessu Mery Amun
The birth name cartouche of pharaoh Rameses II, Ramessu Mery Amun, on a column at the British museum

Rameses II’s birth name cartouche has many variants and can also be written like this: 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓈘𓇳𓏺𓄟𓋴𓇓. Certain symbols can be substituted for each other because 𓇋𓏠𓈖 and 𓁩 both mean Amun 𓁜 and 𓇳𓏺 both mean Ra. 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Categories
Reading Hieroglyphs

Usermaatre Setep En Ra

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪! 

Today 𓏇𓇋𓈖𓇳 we are going to look at one of the many cartouches 𓏠𓈖𓈙𓍷𓏦 of Rameses II 𓇳𓄊𓁧𓇳𓍉𓈖! This cartouche is his throne name cartouche, which is the name 𓂋𓈖 Rameses II 𓇳𓄊𓁧𓇳𓍉𓈖 took when he became the pharaoh 𓉐𓉻 of Egypt 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖! 

Usermaatre Setep En Ra
The throne name cartouche of Rameses II which reads Usermaatre Setep En Ra on display at the British Museum

The name 𓂋𓈖 “Usermaatre setep en Ra 𓇳𓄊𓁧𓇳𓍉𓈖” translates to “The Justice of Ra is powerful, Chosen of Ra.” Let’s look at the name 𓂋𓈖 more closely:

𓇳 – Ra

𓄊 – Powerful

𓁧 – Justice (Maat)

𓇳 – Ra

𓍉𓈖 – Chosen

Usermaatre Setep En Ra
The throne name cartouche of Rameses II which reads Usermaatre Setep En Ra on display at the British Museum

Let’s break down each of the symbols: 

The “𓇳 sun disc” symbol is an ideogram for “ra” or “re,” but can also be a determinative in words such as sun, day, and time. The single symbol alone (like in cartouches) would be pronounced like “ra” or “re.”

The “head and neck of jackal 𓄊” symbol is a triliteral phonogram for the sounds “wsr” which means “powerful” or “strong.” 

The “goddess with a feather 𓁧” symbol is a determinative for “Maat” and is also an ideogram for the same. The word “Maat” can refer to the goddess or the word “Justice.” 

The “adze and block of wood 𓍉” symbol is a triliteral phonogram for the sound “stp.”

The “ripple of water 𓈖” is a uniliteral phonogram. The “𓈖” is associated with the sound of “n!” 

This cartouche is part of the King’s List, which is on display at the British Museum.

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Categories
Reading Hieroglyphs

Funerary Vessel Painted to Imitate Stone

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪!

Today 𓏇𓇋𓈖𓇳 we are going to look at a really cool vase 𓏠𓈖𓇋𓏋 that is on display at the Brooklyn Museum! The museum has named this piece “Inscribed Funerary Vessel Painted to Imitate Stone” and I just love that because it is such a great description of the piece! 

I believe that the rock 𓇋𓈖𓂋𓈙 that this vase 𓏠𓈖𓇋𓏋 is supposed to be imitating breccia, which is a sedimentary rock 𓇋𓈖𓂋𓈙 commonly found in Egypt 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖 and was primarily used for pottery and stoneware during the early dynastic period and Old Kingdom! 

We know that this piece is a funerary vase because of the inscription 𓏟𓏛𓏥 that is on it! Starting an inscription 𓏟𓏛𓏥 with “Revered before *name of god*” is a very common way to begin funerary inscriptions 𓏟𓏛𓏥! 

Funerary Vessel Painted to Imitate Stone
Inscribed Funerary Vessel Painted to Imitate Stone on display at the Brooklyn Museum

Let’s take a closer look: 

𓄪𓐍𓇌 – Revered 

𓐍𓂋 – Before

𓁹𓊩𓀭 – Osiris

𓃂𓈖 – Wab Priest (can also be written as 𓃂𓈗 or 𓃂) 

𓇋𓏠𓈖 – Amun

All together, the inscription 𓏟𓏛𓏥 reads “Revered Before Osiris, the Wab Priest of Amun…” – then I can’t see the rest of it! 

In ancient Egypt 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖, the Wab Priest 𓃂𓈖 was the most common type of priest and they performed the tasks of maintaining the temples 𓉟𓏏𓉐𓏪 and could be placed in charge of funerals. This was considered to be the lowest class of priests. The Middle Egyptian word, “God’s Servant 𓊹𓍛” usually referred to the High Priests. 

This piece is dated to the late 18th – early 19th dynasties! 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

@ancientegyptblog on Instagram and TikTok!

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Reading Hieroglyphs

“Revered One” In Hieroglyphs

Let’s read some Hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪!

Today 𓏇𓇋𓈖𓇳 we are going to look at a word that appears in most funerary inscriptions! This word/phrase is “Revered One 𓇋𓌴𓄪𓐍” and it has many different variations! 

Revered One
One of the variants for “Revered One” in hieroglyphs.

“The Revered One 𓇋𓌴𓄪𓐍” appears on funerary equipment 𓈎𓂋𓋴𓏏𓏏𓊭 (coffins 𓋴𓅱𓎛𓏏𓆱𓏦, False Doors, Canopic Jar Cases, etc.)! This word can be tricky though because there are a lot of different variants of it – meaning that it can be spelled differently depending on how the word is used or the amount of space available on the object. 

Here are some of the variants for “The Revered One”/“Revered” that can appear in hieroglyphic inscriptions: 

𓇋𓌴𓄪𓐍 (this is the one pictured)

𓇋𓌴𓄪

𓇋𓌴𓄪𓅱

𓇋𓌴𓄪𓐍𓅱

𓐍𓄪𓅱

𓇋𓌴𓄪𓐍𓇌

𓇋𓄪𓐍𓅱

𓇋𓌴𓄪𓐍𓅱 (Revered Man – Dead)

𓄪𓐍𓇌𓏏 (Revered Woman – Dead)

I’m sure I did not list all of the variants either! Word variants can be confusing for people who are just starting to read hieroglyphs 𓊹𓌃𓏪 and that’s okay! It will just take some practice, and the best way to practice is to just keep reading real Egyptian inscriptions 𓏟𓏛𓏥! 

Next time you go to a museum, see if you can find a variant for “Revered” or “Revered One” in hieroglyphs! I’m sure you will!! 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

@ancientegyptblog on Instagram and TikTok!