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Egyptian Artifacts

The Shabti Spell

We are going to be taking a (virtual) trip to the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology today ๐“‡๐“‡‹๐“ˆ–๐“‡ณ! As many of you know, I love ushabti ๐“†ท๐“„ฟ๐“ฏ๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พ figures, so letโ€™s take a closer look at this one! 

The textย ๐“Ÿ๐“›๐“ฅย on the ushabtiย ๐“†ท๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พย is a version of the โ€œShabti Spellโ€ from Chapter 6 of the Book of the Dead. This spellย ๐“Ž›๐“‚“๐“›ย gives the ushabtiย ๐“†ท๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พย the power to complete tasks (farming, manual labor, etc) for the deceasedย ๐“…“๐“๐“ฑย in the Field of Reedsย ๐“‡๐“๐“ˆ…๐“‡‹๐“„ฟ๐“‚‹๐“…ฑ๐“†ฐ๐“Š–. Many people (if they could afford it) were buried with at least 365 ๐“ฒ๐“ฒ๐“ฒ๐“Ž†๐“Ž†๐“Ž†๐“Ž†๐“Ž†๐“Ž†๐“พ ushabtiย ๐“†ท๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พย figures – one for each day of the year! Some were buried with even more!ย 

The โ€œShabti Spellโ€ usually starts off with the following phrase: 

๐“‹ด๐“Œ‰๐“†“๐“‡ถ – The Illuminated One

๐“น๐“Šจ๐“€ญ – The Osiris

(Look at the first line of text on the ushabti ๐“…ฑ๐“ˆ™๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ญ๐“€พ and start reading from the right!)

However, my favorite part of this ushabti ๐“…ฑ๐“ˆ™๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ญ๐“€พ figure is that the word โ€œ๐“†ท๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พ shabtiโ€ appears very clearly on the piece! It is part of the spell ๐“Ž›๐“‚“๐“› that says: โ€œO these shabtis, if you are counted, to do all the works to be done there in the realm of the dead.โ€ 

Can you find โ€œ๐“†ท๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พโ€ on the piece in the picture ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“? 

There are a bunch of different ways to write โ€œushabtiโ€ in hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! Just like in other languages, we can use the words โ€œshabtiโ€ and โ€œushabtiโ€ to denote the same figures!

๐“†ท๐“„ฟ๐“ฏ๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พ

๐“†ท๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ฎ๐“€พ (shortened version)

๐“…ฑ๐“ˆ™๐“ƒ€๐“๐“ญ๐“€พ