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Egyptian Artifacts Reading Hieroglyphs

The Cartouche of Pharaoh Nebra

IΒ am standing with the Horus cartouche of the Second Dynasty Pharaoh Nebra π“ŽŸπ“‡³ (or Raneb).

Not much is known about Nebra π“ŽŸπ“‡³ besides his name, which mostly appears on alabaster bowls and cups. The length of his rule is also not known, since that section of the Turin Canon/Papyrus is destroyed but Egyptologists estimate it to be about 10 π“Ž† -14 π“Ž†π“½ years.

The name Nebra π“ŽŸπ“‡³ (or Raneb) has puzzled Egyptologists because Ra 𓇳𓏺𓁛 was not a big religious figure during the Second Dynasty. At that time, Horus π“…ƒπ“€­ was the main deity and Egyptian religion very much centered on the story of Horus π“…ƒπ“€­ and Seth π“Šƒπ“π“„‘π“£ and the importance of keeping divine balance. The name Nebra π“ŽŸπ“‡³ can also be translated as either β€œLord of the sun (Ra)” or β€œRa is my lord,” which would show that the sun was already being worshipped separately as its own deity at this time instead of just being part of Horus π“…ƒπ“€­. The Third Dynasty (around the rule of Djoser 𓂦) is really when evidence of the sun being an independent deity begins to show up in Egyptian society.

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