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Reading Hieroglyphs

Hatshepsut’s Ovoid Stone

This piece is known as an โ€œOvoid Stoneโ€ or a โ€œHammering Stoneโ€ and was probably used as a type of tool during building construction.

Ovoid Stone
A closeup image of the Ovoid Stone and the hieroglyphs on it!

Letโ€™s read some hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! I divided the inscription into two parts, and then translated each of the individual words so you can get a sense of the sentence structure used in the Middle/New Egyptian language!! Hereโ€™s the first row:

๐“Šน๐“๐“„ค(๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“)๐“น๐“ˆ–๐“Šƒ๐“…“๐“ ๐“๐“Šƒ๐“›๐“†‘๐“Šƒ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“‡ณ๐“บ

๐“Šน๐“๐“„ค – Great Goddess

๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ – Maatkare

๐“น๐“ˆ– – to make/to do/born of

๐“Šƒ – she

๐“…“ – for

๐“ ๐“๐“Šƒ๐“›- monument

๐“†‘ – father 

๐“Šƒ – her 

๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“‡ณ๐“บ – Amun-Re

โ€œThe Great Goddess, Maatkare, she made the monument for her father, Amun-Reโ€ฆโ€ 

And hereโ€™s the second row: 

๐“๐“†‘๐“ธ๐“ฑ๐“ˆ™๐“ท๐“ธ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“‚ฆ๐“›๐“‚ฆ๐“…ฑ๐“‰๐“น๐“Šƒ๐“‹น๐“˜

๐“๐“†‘ – in front of/at (a preposition)

๐“ธ๐“ฑ๐“ˆ™ – Stretching of the Cord

๐“ท๐“ธ – over

๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ– – Amun 

๐“‚ฆ๐“›๐“‚ฆ๐“…ฑ๐“‰ – Holiest of Holies

๐“น๐“Šƒ๐“‹น๐“˜ – May She Live / That They Live

โ€œโ€ฆat the stretching of the cord over the Holiest of Holies Amun, May She Live!โ€

The โ€œStretching of the Cordโ€ was part of the foundation ritual that occurred when a building was constructed in ancient Egypt. โ€œHoliest of Holiesโ€ is the name for Hatshepsutโ€™s temple at Deir el-Bahri. 

Ovoid Stone
A larger view of the display that contains the Ovoid Stone

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Reading Hieroglyphs

The King’s List and Hatshepsut

King's List
Me with the King’s List at the British Museum.

Here I am with the Kingโ€™s List in the British Museum! In the picture ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“, Iโ€™m pointing to where Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ name ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ– should be because she was one of the pharaohs left off the list – she was left off because she was considered to be a non-legitimate pharaoh. 

King's List
Me with the King’s List at the British Museum.

The point of the King Lists was not to preserve history for future generations, rather the main objective was to glorify the gods ๐“Šน๐“Šน๐“Šน, and as we know, pharaohs ๐“‰๐“‰ป๐“ฅ were considered gods ๐“Šน๐“Šน๐“Šน on Earth. These lists allowed Seti I ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“  and Rameses II ๐“ฉ๐“›๐“ˆ˜๐“„Ÿ๐“‹ด๐“‡“ to assert their legitimacy amongst the old pharaohs ๐“‰๐“‰ป๐“ฅ of Egypt ๐“†Ž๐“…“๐“๐“Š–. 

King's List
A closeup of the cartouches on the King’s List

Letโ€™s read some hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! We are going to look at the Throne Name cartouches of the 18th Dynasty pharaohs to show where Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ name is missing! We will start reading from the right since the hieroglyphs point in that direction! 

๐“‡ณ๐“‰ป๐“†ฃ๐“‚“ – Thutmosis I โ€œGreat is the manifestation of the soul of Raโ€ 

๐“‡ณ๐“‰ป๐“†ฃ๐“ˆ– – Thutmosis II โ€œGreat is the manifestation of Raโ€ 

 ๐“‡ณ๐“ ๐“†ฃ – Tutmosis III โ€œLasting is the Manifestation of Raโ€ 

๐“‡ณ๐“‰ป๐“†ฃ๐“ˆ– – Amenhotep II โ€œGreat is the manifestation of Raโ€

๐“‡ณ๐“ ๐“†ฃ๐“ผ – Thutmosis IV โ€œLasting are the Manifestations of Raโ€

๐“‡ณ๐“ง๐“Ž  – Amenhotep III โ€œPossessor of the Truth of Raโ€

As you can see, the cartouches jump right from Thutmosis II ๐“‡ณ๐“‰ป๐“†ฃ๐“ˆ– to Thutmosis III ๐“‡ณ๐“ ๐“†ฃ and totally skip Hatshepsut ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“! 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Reading Hieroglyphs

Wosretkau in Hieroglyphs

Letโ€™s read some hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! 

Something that makes this statue ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ of Hatshepsut at the MET so unique is that her Horus name appears instead of her Throne Name (๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“) or Birth Name (๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช)! The Horus Name appears in a Serekh which is a different enclosure from a cartouche. The Serekh consists of the Falcon Horus ๐“…ƒ standing on top of a palace facade ๐“Š.ย 

Wosretkau

Iโ€™m pointing to her Horus Name in the picture ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“ – Hatshepsutโ€™s Horus Name is โ€œ๐“„Š๐“‹ด๐“๐“‚“๐“‚“๐“‚“ – Wosretkau or Useretkau.โ€ 

Letโ€™s break down the meaning of her name:

๐“„Š๐“‹ด๐“ – Powerful, Mighty, Strong (this is the female version; male version is ๐“„Š๐“‹ด). 

๐“‚“๐“‚“๐“‚“ – Kas (Souls) 

โ€œWosretkauโ€ translates to โ€œThe Mighty of the Kasโ€ or โ€œThe Mighty of the Souls.โ€

Wosretkau

Letโ€™s break down the hieroglyphic symbols ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช:

The โ€œhead and neck of a jackal ๐“„Šโ€ symbol is a triliteral phonogram and represents the sound โ€œwsrโ€ or โ€œusr.โ€ 

The โ€œfolded cloth ๐“‹ดโ€ is a uniliteral phonogram for โ€œs.โ€

The โ€œflat loaf of bread ๐“โ€ is a uniliteral phonogram used to represent the sound โ€œt.โ€ It also functions as the ideogram for the word โ€œbread ๐“๐“บโ€ and can be used to make words feminine! 

The โ€œ๐“‚“ two armsโ€ symbol is a biliteral phonogram for the sound โ€œka,โ€ and also functions as an ideogram for the same. The word โ€œkaโ€ has been translated into our modern languages as โ€œsoul.โ€ 

I think that is such a cool name ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ– to have! This name ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ– has only been recorded in a couple of places, including the Stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ at the Vatican Museum, the Obelisk ๐“‰ถ at Karnak, and on a couple of statues ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ๐“ช from Deir el-Bahri ๐“‚ฆ๐“‚‹๐“‚ฆ๐“ฅ๐“‰ (like this one at the MET). 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Blog

Hatshepsut Brochure

My Nonno was the type of person to keep brochures of the places he visited, and I have always done the same because he always told me to! Looking back, Iโ€™m so glad he always told me to keep stuff because I love looking back and remembering the fun things we got to do!

Hatshepsut Brochure
Hatshepsut Brochure

I was going through some of my old stuff yesterday, and I found this wonderful little Hatshepsut Brochure! While this is just a piece of paper to most, I picked up this little audio guide ad while at the โ€œHatshepsut: From Queen to Pharaohโ€ exhibit that the MET put on in 2006! I remember loving it because it has a picture of my absolute favorite Egyptian antiquity on it! The white limestone statue of Hatshepsut will always be my absolute favorite piece!

My whole family came with me for my birthday and we had such an incredible day at that exhibit. The memories of that day are something that I will cherish forever. Finding this also made me really miss my Nonno; while I miss him so much every single day, finding this made it even more prevalent and Iโ€™m still feeling it this morning as I write this out.ย 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Egyptian Artifacts

Red Granite in Ancient Egypt

Itโ€™s time for a geology lesson! Today we are going to look at the significance of the red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ used by the ancient Egyptians! 

After limestone ๐“‡‹๐“ˆ–๐“ˆ™๐“Œ‰ and sandstone ๐“‚‹๐“…ฑ๐“‚ง๐“๐“Œ—๐“ˆ™, โ€œAswan Graniteโ€ was the third most used rock ๐“‡‹๐“ˆ–๐“‚‹๐“ˆ™ by the ancient Egyptians! โ€œAswan Graniteโ€ is actually a collective term used to describe all of the intrusive igneous rocks in the Aswan ๐“‹ด๐“ƒน๐“ˆ–๐“Œ๐“ฒ๐“Š– area, even though they arenโ€™t all granitic!ย 

Red Granite

Intrusive igneous rocks ๐“‡‹๐“ˆ–๐“‚‹๐“ˆ™๐“ฆ are rocks that form when magma solidifies deep under ground over long periods of time. This long period of cooling allows for crystallization to occur, which is why red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ contains large (coarse), beautiful ๐“„ค๐“†‘๐“‚‹ quartz ๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Œ๐“ˆ™ crystals! Quartz ๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Œ๐“ˆ™ is a very hard and durable mineral, which makes red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ a strong rock ๐“‡‹๐“ˆ–๐“‚‹๐“ˆ™. 

This strength has caused controversy and skepticism because โ€œhow could the ancient Egyptians have quarried and moved so much granite?โ€ Well the answer is in the science! Tectonic forces move the granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ towards the surface and the release of that overlying pressure (called unloading) causes the granite to weather into blocks through fracturing and the creation of natural joints. All the ancient Egyptians had to do was find the right sized block for their projects and then ship it up the Nike! 

The most common of the โ€œAswan Graniteโ€ rocks ๐“‡‹๐“ˆ–๐“‚‹๐“ˆ™๐“ฆ is known as red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ. Red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ was used for many different types of things such as vases, statues ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ๐“ช, sarcophagi ๐“ŽŸ๐“‹น๐“ˆ–๐“๐“Šญ๐“ช, stelae ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ๐“ฆ, obelisks ๐“‰ถ๐“‰ถ๐“‰ถ, and for parts of buildings, temples ๐“‰Ÿ๐“๐“‰๐“ช, and even the pyramids ๐“‹๐“…“๐“‚‹๐“‰ด!ย 

Red Granite

One of the best examples of these red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ statues ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ๐“ช are the ones that used to line Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช temple at Deir el-Bahri ๐“‚ฆ๐“‚‹๐“‚ฆ๐“ฅ๐“‰ (as seen in my picture)! You can see the beautiful colored coarse crystals in the granite! 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost.ย 

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Egyptian Artifacts Reading Hieroglyphs

Maned Sphinx of Hatshepsut

A couple of weeks ago I asked on my Instagram if there was an object people wanted to see more of, and someone suggested the Maned Sphinx ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ of Hatshepsut ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“, so here it is!ย 

Maned Sphinx of Hatshepsut
I took a selfie with the Maned Sphinx of Hatshepsut!

Pharaohs ๐“‰๐“‰ป๐“ฆ were commonly represented as sphinxes ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ๐“ฆ in ancient Egyptian art for many reasons. A sphinx ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ is a mythical creature that has the body of a lion ๐“Œณ๐“น๐“„ฟ๐“„› and the head of a human. In ancient Egypt ๐“†Ž๐“…“๐“๐“Š–, lions ๐“Œณ๐“น๐“„ฟ๐“„›๐“ช have been associated with kingship ๐“‡“๐“‡Œ since prehistoric times due to their strength ๐“Œ€ and ferocity. The sphinx ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ was the perfect representation of the strength ๐“Œ€ of the pharaoh ๐“‰๐“‰ป due to its lion ๐“Œณ๐“น๐“„ฟ๐“„› body, while the face still preserved the image ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“ of the king ๐“‡“ himself/herself.ย 

A closeup of the hieroglyphs on the Maned Sphinx of Hatshepsut.

Letโ€™s read some hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช!

(๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“) – Maatkare

๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ– – Amun

๐“Œบ๐“๐“‡Œ – Beloved

๐“‹น๐“๐“™- Life Given

๐“†– – Eternity

โ€œMaatkare, Beloved of Amun, Given Life for Eternity.โ€

I know this is strange, but โ€œGiven Lifeโ€ is actually written backwards! It should be โ€œ๐“™๐“‹นโ€ not โ€œ๐“‹น๐“™โ€ as itโ€™s written (this inscription is read from right to left, because thatโ€™s the way the directional symbols are pointing). 

Thereโ€™s also an added ๐“, which makes it the feminine form! Thereโ€™s a second sphinx ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ๐“ค just like this one in the Cairo Museum, and on that sphinx ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ๐“ค, there is no added ๐“! Why would one sphinx ๐“Ž›๐“…ฑ๐“ƒญ๐“ค use the feminine form and one use the masculine?! We will probably never know!ย 

Maned Sphinx of Hatshepsut
The hieroglyphs on the Maned Sphinx of Hatshepsut with their English translation next to them!

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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Reading Hieroglyphs Video

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut – Video

Letโ€™s read some Hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! In ancient Egypt many pharaohs had five names, so let’s learn the Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut!ย 

This stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ is one of my absolute favorite pieces because depicts Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช and Thutmosis III ๐“‡ณ๐“ ๐“†ฃ during their joint reign. Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช is wearing the blue crown ๐“†ฃ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ™๐“‹™ and making an offering of nemset jars ๐“Œ๐“Œ๐“Œ to Amun-Ra ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“‡ณ๐“บ. The stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ was meant to commemorate restoration works in Thebes ๐“Œ€๐“๐“Š–!

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut

The most interesting parts about this stela is that it is one of two pieces (that I know of) that contains Hatshepsutโ€™s entire titulary in one place! The only other place I know that has all of Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช names ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–๐“ฆ is the Obelisk at Karnak. 

Letโ€™s take a closer look at all of Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช names ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–๐“ฆ! The names ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–๐“ฆ can be found on the top two rows of hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช on the bottom of the stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ!

Horus Name: ๐“„Š๐“‹ด๐“๐“‚“๐“‚“๐“‚“ – โ€œWosretkauโ€ translates to โ€œThe Mighty of the Kasโ€ or โ€œThe Mighty of the Souls.โ€

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut
The Horus Name of Hatshepsut

Nebty Name: ๐“…’๐“‡…๐“๐“†ณ๐“†ณ๐“†ณ – โ€œWadjet renputโ€ translates to โ€œFlourishing of Years.โ€

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut
The Nebty Name of Hatshepsut

Golden Horus Name: ๐“…‰๐“Šน๐“๐“ˆ๐“ฆ – โ€œNetjeret khauโ€ translates to โ€œDivine of Appearances.โ€

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut
The Golden Horus Name of Hatshepsut

Throne Name: ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ – โ€œMaatkareโ€ translates to โ€œTruth is the Soul of Re.โ€ย 

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut
The Throne Name of Hatshepsut

Birth Name: ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“„‚๐“€ผ – โ€œKhnemet Amun Hatshepsutโ€ translates to โ€œUnited with Amun, Foremost of the Noble Women.โ€ This version of the Birth Name that appears on this stela is a variant of ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช. A โ€œvariantโ€ is just a different way to spell out a personโ€™s name ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–!

The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut
The Birth Name of Hatshepsut

If you watch the video on TikTok below, there is music accompanying the images! I hope you enjoyed learning about The Royal Titularly of Hatshepsut!

@ancientegyptblog

Letโ€™s read some Hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! In ancient Egypt many pharaohs had five names! This stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ is one of my absolute favorite pieces because depicts Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช and Thutmosis III ๐“‡ณ๐“ ๐“†ฃ during their joint reign. Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช is wearing the blue crown ๐“†ฃ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ™๐“‹™ and making an offering of nemset jars ๐“Œ๐“Œ๐“Œ to Amun-Ra ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“‡ณ๐“บ. The stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ was meant to commemorate restoration works in Thebes ๐“Œ€๐“๐“Š–! The most interesting parts about this stela is that it is one of two pieces (that I know of) that contains Hatshepsutโ€™s entire titulary in one place! The only other place I know that has all of Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช names ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–๐“ฆ is the Obelisk at Karnak. Letโ€™s take a closer look at all of Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช names ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–๐“ฆ! The names ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–๐“ฆ can be found on the top two rows of hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช on the bottom of the stela ๐“Ž—๐“…ฑ๐“†“๐“‰ธ! Horus Name: ๐“„Š๐“‹ด๐“๐“‚“๐“‚“๐“‚“ – โ€œWosretkauโ€ translates to โ€œThe Mighty of the Kasโ€ or โ€œThe Mighty of the Souls.โ€ Nebty Name: ๐“…’๐“‡…๐“๐“†ณ๐“†ณ๐“†ณ – โ€œWadjet renputโ€ translates to โ€œFlourishing of Years.โ€ Golden Horus Name: ๐“…‰๐“Šน๐“๐“ˆ๐“ฆ – โ€œNetjeret khauโ€ translates to โ€œDivine of Appearances.โ€ Throne Name: ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ – โ€œMaatkareโ€ translates to โ€œTruth is the Soul of Re.โ€ Birth Name: ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“„‚๐“€ผ – โ€œKhnemet Amun Hatshepsutโ€ translates to โ€œUnited with Amun, Foremost of the Noble Women.โ€ This version of the Birth Name that appears on this stela is a variant of ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช. A โ€œvariantโ€ is just a different way to spell out a personโ€™s name ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–! Follow me to learn all about ancient Egypt, hieroglyphs, mythology, culture and more! This is my personal video, photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. #ancientegypt #egyptianhistory #egyptologist #historytok #languagelearning #hieroglyphs #hieroglyphics #pharaoh #hatshepsut #vaticanmuseum #metropolitanmuseum

โ™ฌ Ahsoka – Main Theme – Epic Version – L’Orchestra Cinematique

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Reading Hieroglyphs

Bronze Blade With Hatshepsut’s Name

Letโ€™s read some hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช on this Bronze Blade with Hatshepsut’s name!

Bronze Blade With Hatshepsut's Name
Bronze Blade with Hatshepsut’s name in the hieroglyphic inscription at the Petrie Museum

While it doesnโ€™t look like much, this piece is actually a bronze ๐“ˆ”๐“ค๐“ˆ’๐“ฆ blade ๐“…“๐“‚ง๐“ˆ–๐“๐“‹ด that was once attached to a handle. This was one of my favorite objects that I saw at the Petrie Museum because it has Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช throne name on it!

I also think this piece is unpublished, so it was a total surprise for me to see that it even existed! Since her name ๐“‚‹๐“ˆ–appears on the blade ๐“…“๐“‚ง๐“ˆ–๐“๐“‹ด, it means that it was most certainly made during Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช time as pharaoh ๐“‰๐“‰ป. 

Letโ€™s take a closer look at the hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! 

๐“„ค๐“Šน – Great God

(๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“) – Maatkare (Hatshepsutโ€™s Throne Name which translates to โ€œTruth ๐“ฆ is the Soul ๐“‚“ of Re ๐“‡ณ.โ€)

๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ– – Amun

๐“ƒ – Foremost 

๐“‚ฆ๐“‚ฆ๐“‰- Holiest of Holies (the name given to Hatshepsutโ€™s temple at Deir el-Bahri. It can also be written as ๐“‚ฆ๐“‚‹๐“‚ฆ๐“ฅ๐“‰). 

๐“Œบ๐“‡Œ – Beloved 

Put together, the inscription reads: ๐“„ค๐“Šน(๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“)๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“ƒ๐“‚ฆ๐“‚ฆ๐“‰๐“Œบ๐“‡Œ โ€œThe Great God Maatkare, Beloved of Amun, Foremost of the Holiest of Holies.โ€ 

Interestingly, Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช is referred to as โ€œThe Great God ๐“„ค๐“Šนโ€ instead of the โ€œGreat Goddess ๐“„ค๐“Šน๐“โ€ as she usually is in inscriptions ๐“Ÿ๐“›๐“ฅ. Certain inscriptions ๐“Ÿ๐“›๐“ฅ towards the later part of her reign ๐“‹พ๐“ˆŽ๐“ did sometimes omit the feminine ending of the word, so this might mean the blade ๐“…“๐“‚ง๐“ˆ–๐“๐“‹ด is from the late part of her rule ๐“‹พ๐“ˆŽ๐“. Or this could just be a spacing issue – the blade ๐“…“๐“‚ง๐“ˆ–๐“๐“‹ด is small ๐“ˆ–๐“†“๐“‹ด๐“…ฉ so maybe not all of the hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช could fit! 

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Video

Large Granite Statue of Hatshepsut – Video

This large red granite ๐“…“๐“Œณ๐“๐“Žถ statue ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ of Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช is large and majestic and one of the most beautiful ๐“„ค๐“†‘๐“‚‹!ย 

The most striking aspect of this statue ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ besides the size is the fact that Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช face, which displays feminine features, remained pretty much intact! Many of Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ statues ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ๐“ช have the faces destroyed, possibly in an attempt to destroy her image ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“ so she would be forgotten from history.

Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช is in a kneeling position holding a nemset jar ๐“Œ๐“บ in each hand ๐“‚ง๐“๐“บ. In ancient Egypt ๐“†Ž๐“…“๐“๐“Š–, kneeling is considered a worshipping ๐“‡ผ๐“„ฟ๐“€ข/offering ๐“Šต๐“๐“Šช๐“๐“”๐“ฆ position. A pharaoh ๐“‰๐“‰ป only kneels to another god ๐“Šน, who in this case is probably Amun-Ra ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“‡ณ๐“บ.

Hatshepsut ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช is depicted wearing the nemes ๐“ˆ–๐“…“๐“‹ด head cloth and the false beard which was typical fashion for a pharaoh ๐“‰๐“‰ป!

The hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช on the back of the statue ๐“๐“…ฑ๐“๐“€พ show her throne name, Maatkare ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“. 

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Egyptian Artifacts Reading Hieroglyphs

Steatite Wedjat Amulets

In relation to my post about the wedjat ๐“‚€ or the “Eye of Horus” from yesterday ๐“‹ด๐“†‘๐“‡ณ, I wanted to talk about these really small ๐“ˆ–๐“†“๐“‹ด๐“…ฉ but cool steatite ๐“…ฎ๐“ˆŽ๐“๐“ˆ’๐“ŠŒ wedjat ๐“‚€ amulets ๐“Š๐“Šช๐“…†๐“ช! I love how detailed the wedjat ๐“‚€ is!ย It always amazes me how ancient Egyptian craftsman were able to make such small ๐“ˆ–๐“†“๐“‹ด๐“…ฉ objects so detailed and beautiful ๐“„ค๐“†‘๐“‚‹! It’s even more incredible that they have lasted in such great condition for thousands of years!

These steatite ๐“…ฎ๐“ˆŽ๐“๐“ˆ’๐“ŠŒ wedjat ๐“‚€ amulets ๐“Š๐“Šช๐“…†๐“ช are very similar to the steatite ๐“…ฎ๐“ˆŽ๐“๐“ˆ’๐“ŠŒ scarabs ๐“๐“Šช๐“‚‹๐“‚‹๐“†ฃ๐“ช from the Hatshepsut ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“/Thutmosis III ๐“‡ณ๐“ ๐“†ฃ era of the 18th Dynasty! They are in the same display case as the steatite ๐“…ฎ๐“ˆŽ๐“๐“ˆ’๐“ŠŒ scarabs ๐“๐“Šช๐“‚‹๐“‚‹๐“†ฃ๐“ช at the Metropolitan Museum of Art! Most would miss the fact that these amulets ๐“Š๐“Šช๐“…†๐“ช are not scarabs ๐“๐“Šช๐“‚‹๐“‚‹๐“†ฃ๐“ช!ย 

Steatite Wedjat Amulets
Steatite Wedjat Amulets with Hatshepsut’s throne name Maatkare inscribed on the back

Letโ€™s read some hieroglyphs ๐“Šน๐“Œƒ๐“ช! This is a simple but great inscription ๐“Ž˜๐“…ฑ๐“Ž– to read! On the back of this amulet ๐“Š๐“Šช๐“…†, Hatshepsutโ€™s ๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ–๐“Žน๐“๐“„‚๐“๐“€ผ๐“ช throne name, Maatkare ๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ is written! 

๐“‡‹๐“ ๐“ˆ– – Amun

๐“Œป – Beloved

๐“‡ณ๐“ฆ๐“‚“ – Maatkare (Truth ๐“ฆ is the Soul ๐“‚“ of Re ๐“‡ณ)

The full inscription ๐“Ž˜๐“…ฑ๐“Ž– reads โ€œBeloved of Amun, Maatkare.โ€ 

This is my personal photograph and original text. DO NOT repost. 

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